This article mainly introduces the method of automatically sending and receiving emails in Python. The sample code introduced in the article is very detailed. It has a certain reference value for everyone's study or work. Friends who need it, follow the teacher to learn
As a class representative, two things I often do are: helping to send homework and helping to receive homework, and most of the time it is done by mail. If you manually receive and send one by one, it will be a waste of time-life is too short , I use Python.
Go directly to the code and pull it to the end without knowing the details. I encapsulated it into two functions. According to the prompt, enter the parameters and call them directly. Pro-test is feasible
You can skip this part if you don't want to see the details, but you should paste this part in when you run it.
Import related libraries
import smtplib,ssl
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formatdate
from email import encoders
import poplib
from email.parser import Parser
from email.header import decode_header
from email.utils import parseaddr
from email.header import Header
#Analyze the string in the message header, without this function, the header information will be garbled if printed out. Such as'=?gb18030?B?yrXWpL3hufsueGxz?=' This kind, through decode, it will be converted into Chinese
def decode_str(s):
value, charset = decode_header(s)[0]
if charset:
value = value.decode(charset)
return value
#Decoding the mail information is divided into two steps, the first is to take out the header information: first take the header information, mainly take out ['From','To','Subject']
def get_header(msg):
for header in ['From','To','Subject']:
value = msg.get(header,'')
if value:
if header =='Subject': #The title of the article has a special processing method
value = decode_str(value)
elif header in ['From','To']:
hdr, addr = parseaddr(value) #Address also has a special processing method
name = decode_str(addr)
value=name
print(header +':' + value)
#Header information has been taken out, get the character encoding of the mail, first look for the encoding in the message, if not, look for the Content-Type of the header
def guess_charset(msg):
charset = msg.get_charset()
if charset is None:
content_type = msg.get('Content-Type','').lower()
pos = content_type.find('charset=')
if pos >= 0:
charset = content_type[pos+8:].strip()
return charset
#Mail body part: take the attachment, the body part of the mail is in the generator, msg.walk(), if there is an attachment, you can get the file name by way of .get_filename()
def get_file(path, msg):
for part in msg.walk():
filename=part.get_filename()
if filename!=None: #If there are attachments
filename = decode_str(filename) #The obtained file is a garbled name, decoded by the function defined at the beginning
data = part.get_payload(decode = True) #Remove the content of the file body
f = open(path+filename,'wb') #Here you can define the file save location by yourself
f.write(data)
f.close()
print('attachment', filename,'download successful')
def get_content(msg):
for part in msg.walk():
content_type = part.get_content_type()
charset = guess_charset(part)
if part.get_filename()!=None: #If there are attachments, skip directly
continue
email_content_type =''
content =''
if content_type =='text/plain':
email_content_type ='text'
elif content_type =='text/html':
print('html format skip')
continue #Don't email in html format
email_content_type ='html'
if charset:
try:
content = part.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset)
except AttributeError:
print('type error')
except LookupError:
print("unknown encoding: utf-8")
if email_content_type =='':
continue #If the content is empty, also skip
print(email_content_type + '-----' + content)
# -------------------- Two functions for receiving and sending mail ---------------------- ----
def sent_email(from_addr,password, to_addrs,title,content,path=None):
'''
from_addr: sender email
password: sender password (if it is QQ or NetEase mailbox, write the authorization code here)
to_addrs: list of recipient mailboxes
title: email title
content: email content
path: If you need to send an attachment, fill in the path of the attachment here
'''
smtp_server ='smtp.'+ from_addr.split('@')[-1] # Sending server
msg = MIMEMultipart() # Create an empty email
msg['From'] = Header(from_addr) # add mail header information
msg['Subject'] = Header(title) # add mail title
msg.attach(MIMEText(content,'plain','utf-8')) # body content
if path != None:
# Add attachments
part = MIMEBase('application', "octet-stream")
part.set_payload(open(path, "rb").read()) # read attachment
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition','attachment', filename=path.split('/')[-1])
msg.attach(part) # Add attachments to the email
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server) # Turn on the mailing service, where encrypted transmission is used
server.connect(smtp_server,465) # Login to send mail
for to_addr in to_addrs: # Traverse and send to each account
msg['To'] = Header(to_addr)
server.login(from_addr, password) # send mail
server.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, msg.as_string())
server.quit() # Close the server
print('Send successfully')
def get_email(email,password,path):
'''
email: Email address
password: password (if it is QQ mailbox or NetEase mailbox, fill in the authorization code here)
path: The location where the attachment is kept
'''
server=poplib.POP3_SSL('pop.'+email.split('@')[-1]) #Modify the corresponding mailbox server
server.user(email)
server.pass_(password)
resp, mails, octets = server.list() #Login process
index = len(mails) #Total number of mails
resp, lines, octets = server.retr(index) #Read the most recent mail
msg_content = b'\r\n'.join(lines).decode('utf-8','ignore')
msg = Parser().parsestr(msg_content)
#server.dele(index) Delete mail
get_header(msg) # Display mail information, including sender, recipient, and title
get_file(path,msg) # keep attachments
get_content(msg) # Display file content
server.quit()
print('Received successfully')Just look here!
1. Send mail function: sent_email(from_addr, password, to_addrs, title, content, path=None)
Enter the parameters in brackets in order
from_addr: sender email
password: sender password (if it is QQ or NetEase mailbox, write the authorization code here)
to_addrs: list of recipient mailboxes
title: email title
content: email body content
path: If you need to send an attachment, fill in the path of the attachment here, if not, just ignore it
from_addr = '20182*****@mail.scut.edu.cn' # Type a code, and enter your own email address here password ='scut_827*****' # Enter your password (if it is qq or NetEase mailbox, enter the authorization code here) to_addrs = ['lly****@163.com', '12375947@qq.com'] # write the email address to be sent here title ='This is a test email' # title of the email content ='Just write something' # body content path ='C:/Users/File to be sent.xlsx' # If you want to send an email with attachments, then fill in your attachment path here sent_email(from_addr, password, to_addrs, title, content, path) # send email
2. Receiving mail function: get_email(email, password, path)
email: Email address
password: password (if it is QQ mailbox or NetEase mailbox, fill in the authorization code here)
path: The location where the attachment is kept
email = '1234567@163.com' # Fill in your email account (the email address you want to receive emails from) password ='LXSHS*****' # Fill in your email password (if it is qq or NetEase email, enter authorization here path ='C:/Users/Desktop/' # If the other party's email has attachments, the attachments will be downloaded here get_email(email,password,path)
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